Temperature Controlled DC Fan

Circuit Diagram


Parts list

Parts NameParts Symbol  Parts Description  Quantity
ThermistorR115K (20°C, NTC)1
ResistorR21K5 (1/4W)1
ResistorR31K (1/4W)1
ResistorR4270R (1/4W)1
ResistorR522K (1/2W, Trimmer Cermet/Carbon)1
ResistorR6680R (1/4W)1
ResistorR7470R (1/2W, Trimmer Cermet/Carbon)1
CapacitorC1100uF (25V, Electrolytic)1
LEDD1Any color1
TransistorQ1BC547 (45V, 100mA, NPN)1
TransistorQ2BD140 (80V, 1.5A, PNP)1
MotorM1Fan Motor (12V, 700mA max)1

Description

Requested by some correspondents, this simple design allows an accurate speed control of 12V dc fan motors, proportional to temperature. A n.t.c. Thermistor (R1) is used as temperature sensor, driving two directly coupled complementary transistors wired in a dc feedback circuit. An optional circuitry was added to remotely monitor fan operation and to allow some sort of rough speed indication by means of the increasing brightness of a LED.

Notes

  • R5 must be set to allow motor just starting at the desired temperature.
  • Any n.t.c. Thermistor in the 6K8 - 22K range value might work, provided R2 value is one/tenth of Thermistor's value.
  • R6, R7 and D1 are optional: R7 must be adjusted until the LED glows faintly when the motor is just running.